Lack of vitamins in the human body in autumn and spring - how to make up for the deficiency?

Signs of vitamin deficiency in children and adults

Catalysts that cause vitamin deficiency of vitamins A, B, C and others are divided into external (food, environmental, etc.) and internal (caused by dysfunction of internal organs).

Among the nutritional prerequisites, the following reasons for the development of vitamin deficiency are distinguished:

• Unbalanced diet.
• Early or incorrect introduction of complementary foods to infants.
• Fasting, strict diets.
• Consumption of poor quality products.
• Irrational heat treatment and improper storage of food.
• The use of medications that block the normal absorption of vitamins by the body.

In addition to food reasons for the appearance of severe vitamin deficiency, there are such external prerequisites for its development as:

• Extreme living conditions (long stay in cold/hot latitudes, high in the mountains).
• Severe or prolonged stressful conditions.
• Alcohol abuse, nicotine and drug addiction.
• Living in unfavorable environmental conditions.
• Excessive physical activity.

It is also necessary to mention internal prerequisites caused by diseases and disorders of the internal organs. These include:

• Deviations in the functioning of the digestive tract.
• Insufficient level of development of the gastrointestinal tract (in children).
• Disorders of the endocrine system.
• Weak defenses of the body.
• Malfunctions in the vitamin absorption system. They manifest themselves in disruption of transport and enzymatic functions, permeability of cell walls, as well as deviations in the metabolism of vitamins.
• The presence of parasites in the body.
• Dysbacteriosis.
• Liver and kidney diseases.

Causes of lack of minerals and vitamins

Some, especially people who lead a healthy lifestyle, do not fully understand why vitamin deficiency occurs. The following main reasons for the development of the disease are noted:

Junk food

• poor diet and unbalanced food intake over a long period of time
• frequent consumption of junk food, which contains absolutely no nutrients, not to mention vitamins and minerals
• living in poor countries where the population is sorely lacking normal food
• vitamin deficiency develops with long-term use of certain drugs, for example Dicumarol, under the influence of drugs for weight loss (such drugs reduce appetite and promote the rapid elimination of substances from the body)
• disorders and diseases of the digestive system
• Intestinal dysbiosis leads to disruption of microflora, the synthesis of vitamins and proteins is disrupted, food ceases to be absorbed normally, and vitamin deficiency develops on this basis
• metabolic disorders due to age

Medical research has found that about 85% of people suffer from this disease due to insufficient consumption of plant foods and frequent stress.

Vitamin deficiency: symptoms

Depending on which vitamin the body lacks, the signs of vitamin deficiency can vary greatly. Below is a list of symptoms that occur with a lack of vitamins A, B, C, D, E, PP, K.

• Vitamin deficiency on the skin manifests itself in the form of such conditions as: dryness, itching, burning, hyperpigmentation, increased skin pattern, decreased elasticity, the appearance of spider veins, rashes in the form of acne and pimples, the formation of small weeping erosions, dry scales and microcracks, the appearance stretch marks and wrinkles. In some cases, the top layer of skin may peel off.

• From the digestive system, there is a decrease in appetite, diarrhea or constipation, weight loss, and vomiting.
• On the part of the oral cavity, bleeding gums, thinning of tooth enamel, increased sensitivity of teeth to hot, cold, sweet, and sour foods, slowed tooth growth in children, and tooth loss in adults may occur.
• In hair and nails, fragility, separation, yellowing and deformation of the nail plates, and hair loss are observed.
• Muscle cramps can be diagnosed.
• From the circulatory system: the appearance of bruises, bleeding gums, hemorrhage into blood vessels.
• From the organs of vision: “night blindness”, decreased visual acuity, feeling of sand under the eyelids.
• From the musculoskeletal system: fragility of bones, pain in joints and bones, disorders of the development of the musculoskeletal system in children.
• General condition of the body: chronic fatigue syndrome, weakness, drowsiness, irritability, apathy, depression, dizziness, sleep disturbances, headaches, mood swings.

The ways in which vitamin deficiency manifests itself may vary. Therefore, to establish an accurate diagnosis, you need to consult a doctor.

About health: how to survive spring vitamin deficiency?

The first rays of spring are warming up. Slowly nature is awakening from hibernation, and the residents of Buryatia are freeing themselves from winter clothes. However, along with the warmth come typical spring ailments: apathy, weakness, drowsiness. All these are symptoms of spring vitamin deficiency. Lyudmila Danilova, a therapist at the Health Center of the Republican Center for Medical Prevention, told how to deal with this unpleasant phenomenon.

Most often in the spring, the human body experiences a lack of vitamins A, B, C, D and E. These are the most important and vital vitamins. These are the hardest to get if you don't eat fresh fruits and vegetables. Let's look at each of the above vitamins separately.

VITAMIN A

Without this vitamin, the cells in our body will not be able to grow. It has a positive effect on the condition of the skin and blood vessels, takes part in the synthesis of hormones, and maintains normal vision.

VITAMIN B

This is not one vitamin, but a whole group. In general, these beneficial substances normalize the functioning of the nervous system. This means that they reduce irritability and normalize sleep. Also, B vitamins have a positive effect on muscles, improve metabolic processes in cells and saturate tissues with vital oxygen.

VITAMIN C

It is an antioxidant and is able to protect the body well from colds. In addition, it makes blood vessels and connective tissues more elastic. This vitamin also provides protection to other vitamins by preventing them from being destroyed.

VITAMIN D

The substance has a positive effect on bone tissue, as well as on muscles, gums and brain function. In addition, it supports heart function and helps prevent dementia.

VITAMIN E

Actively participates in metabolism and tissue repair. It also strengthens the walls of blood vessels and normalizes the functioning of the reproductive system. In spring, the body lacks not only vitamins, but also many microelements. Let's name those whose shortage is especially acute.

IRON

With a lack of iron, the body becomes weak and lethargic. Signs of not getting enough iron include pale skin and hair loss.

IODINE

This microelement is generally difficult to obtain not only in winter, but also at other times of the year. And with its deficiency, memory deteriorates, swelling appears, the person becomes irritable and drowsy. Children, adolescents, pregnant and lactating women have a higher need for iodine. Therefore, in addition to iodized salt, they are recommended to take potassium iodide medications daily, for example, “Iodomarin”, “Iodbalance” or others. Important: only a doctor prescribes these drugs.

SELENIUM

The main signs of selenium deficiency in the body are fatigue and hair loss. But the main sign indicating a lack of selenium is a characteristic garlic taste in the mouth.

CALCIUM

And this microelement is responsible, first of all, for bone tissue. The fact that there is not enough of it in the body can be judged by peeling nails and dull hair.

MAGNESIUM

With a lack of magnesium, nervousness increases. The main signs of a lack of this microelement are frequent tics and convulsions.

POTASSIUM

And another microelement that is often lacking in spring is potassium. Signs of a deficiency of this substance are also seizures. In addition, its deficiency is indicated by frequent dizziness and weakness.

HOW TO COMPLETE VITAMINS DEFICIT?

No one can help you in this matter better than you, since a sufficient amount of nutrients can only be obtained through proper and rational nutrition. A balanced meal will provide a person of any age with everything they need. So, as the doctor explains to us, food in spring should be rich in all nutrients. By the way, it is better to take care of this long before the onset of spring - in winter, do not rely on meat and pasta alone, but include vegetables and fruits in your diet. It is recommended to freeze more local fruits in the fall. They will retain a large amount of useful substances by spring. Quick freezing allows you to preserve a sufficient amount of vitamins in foods for a long period of time. A large vitamin reserve is preserved by homemade preparations - dried or frozen berries, sauerkraut, vegetable and fruit juices. Of course, they are less useful than freshly picked from a garden bed or branch, but better than nothing. The most important vitamins for our body are found in carrots, beets, tomatoes, nuts, rose hips, green plant leaves, citrus fruits, and cabbage. There are products that contain the maximum possible amount of vitamins. The most beneficial for our body are avocado, kiwi, and coconut. This also includes sprouted grains of cereal plants. It is important to ensure that vitamins are preserved in foods for as long as possible. To do this, it is recommended to store the products in a fairly cool place where a lot of light does not penetrate. Fruits and vegetables should not be kept in water for long. To get the maximum benefit from the product, it does not need to be cooked. And remember: vitamins must be supplied to the human body daily: they simply cannot be accumulated for future use.

AVITAMINOSIS

– a condition in which the body does not receive one or more vitamins, where the food is of the same type, and the diet is not balanced. Interesting fact: Despite the fact that our Buryatia is called sunny, we are located at 53 degrees northern latitude, where the sun's rays are not effective enough for the formation of vitamin D. And if we add to this the fact that, due to low temperatures, we are always in clothes or indoors, then the fact becomes obvious: the population of the entire republic needs to take vitamin D supplements, but only a doctor can prescribe them.

photo: pixabay.com

Vitamin deficiency in children

Children suffer from a lack or absence of vitamins in the body more often than adults. This is due to their fragile immune system and insufficient development of the gastrointestinal tract.

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The state of vitamin deficiency can lead to a number of serious diseases, such as rickets and ichthyosis. Therefore, when the first signs of vitamin deficiency appear (with vitamin deficiency in the hair, vitamin deficiency on the fingers, lips or feet), urgently take the child for a consultation with a pediatrician.

The most essential vitamins

The lack of a certain group of vitamins is expressed in a certain area or organ. Consequently, it can be assumed that each vitamin group is responsible for a specific function of the body. If you suffered vitamin deficiency yourself, now you can find out what vitamins you were missing. We think this information will be very useful.

For example:

• vitamins B12, E, A, B, and F are necessary for the functioning of the whole body and for the skin;
• groups B6, F, A, B2, H nourish hair;
• nails need groups C, D, A;
• teeth need elements E and D;
• eyes need groups B and A.

To maintain the required level of all vitamins in the body, it is recommended to take vitamin complexes, which can be bought at any pharmacy, or drink a lot of natural juices. Carrot juice is considered universal and one of the most valuable juices. It contains groups of vitamins C, D, E, G, K and many microelements. We think that getting a carrot and making juice out of it will not be a problem for anyone. Only a lazy person can't do this, right?

Vitamin deficiency in women during pregnancy

During pregnancy, the mother's body places additional stress. To make it easier to endure pregnancy, as well as to provide the baby with the necessary vitamins, the expectant mother should carefully monitor her diet. Only a doctor can correct it and supplement it with the necessary vitamins. Doing this on your own is prohibited, since some vitamins cannot be taken during a certain trimester of pregnancy.

Prerequisites for vitamin deficiency

Timely diagnosis of the disease and proper selection of treatment will help to quickly cope with it and prevent it from becoming chronic. To do this, you need to know the prerequisites that cause vitamin deficiency.

• eating disorder;
• fasting, following strict diets;
• eating low-quality products;
• violation of heat treatment rules;
• violation of food storage rules;
• taking medications that block the absorption of vitamins in the body.

• stress;
• drinking alcohol, drugs, smoking;
• life in an unfavorable ecological zone;
• heavy loads at work.

The internal prerequisites for vitamin deficiency are always caused by dysfunction of the digestive organs, endocrine system, weak immunity, and the presence of helminthic infestation.

Types of vitamin deficiency in the body

The most common types of the disease:

• Vitamin A deficiency. The main indicators of a lack of this vitamin are blurred vision, anemia and symptoms of vitamin deficiency on the skin (dryness and flaking). Treatment requires dietary adjustments: inclusion of fish oil, fatty sour cream, vegetable oils, carrots, sea buckthorn, and spinach in the diet.
• Vitamin D deficiency. This vitamin is generated by exposure to sunlight. Its deficiency in the body manifests itself through increased sweating, constipation, pathology of the musculoskeletal system, irritability, and problems with normal sleep. Nutrition for vitamin D deficiency should be enriched with meat, fish, fish oil, liver, and chicken eggs.
• Lack of vitamin E. Characterized by nervous disorders, fragility of blood vessels, impaired reproductive function and dry skin. The diet should include vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, meat, eggs, and milk.
• Absence or deficiency of vitamin C. Manifests itself in the form of bleeding gums, swelling of the lower extremities, anemia, white coating on the tongue, weakness, dizziness. It is necessary to eat rose hips or a decoction of them, citrus fruits, sorrel, bell pepper, and rowan.
• Lack of vitamin K. Its symptom is bleeding and hemorrhage. You should include beef liver, spinach, and Brussels sprouts in your diet.
• Vitamin deficiency of B vitamins. A deficiency of one of the vitamins of this family - B1, B6, B12, B9 - leads to headaches, memory disorders, convulsions, insomnia, stomatitis, coordination problems, depression, tachycardia, and pathology of the hematopoietic system. The emphasis in the diet should be on eggs, liver, legumes, bananas, cheese, fresh vegetables, bread.
• Vitamin P deficiency. The main symptom is hemorrhages in the skin and mucous membranes. You should add rose hips, green tea, and citrus fruits to your diet.

Basic rules for preventing hypovitaminosis

• 
  Taking vitamin C in spring and autumn.

• During the same period - consumption of fruits and dried fruits , sauerkraut, green vegetables, salted tomatoes.
• Fortification of ready-made dishes before serving.
• Taking multivitamins and individual vitamins , according to their deficiency ( as recommended by a doctor ).
• Transition to a nutritious diet - eating fish/meat, nuts, seaweed, greens. Inclusion of dairy products and grains in the diet.
• Regular walks in the fresh air and hardening of the body (the higher the immunity, the fewer diseases and the lower, accordingly, the deficiency of vitamins).

Don't forget about vitamin drinks that you can prepare yourself:

• 
  Decoction of apples with the addition of fresh carrot juice.

• Natural juices.
• Rosehip decoction.
• Wheat bran decoction.
• Yeast drink (made from bread, yeast and sugar).
• Compotes (decoctions) of dried fruits.

Vitamin deficiency: treatment

If the deficiency is minor, your doctor may prescribe medications orally. If there is a pronounced deficiency of a particular vitamin, intramuscular injections will be required. Physiotherapeutic procedures may also be required (for vitamin D deficiency).

For vitamin deficiency, not only medication, but also folk treatment helps: a decoction of rose hips, rowan, and viburnum. In addition, you can prepare a vitamin mixture from ground nuts, dried apricots, prunes, lemon, raisins and honey.

Signs of vitamin deficiency

The difference in symptoms depends on the lack of a specific vitamin - A, B, C, D, E, PP, K. Common signs are dry skin, changes in its pigmentation, the appearance of spider veins, acne, microcracks. The top layer of skin dries to the point of scaly desquamation.

Digestive system disorders manifest themselves in lack of appetite, changes in taste perception, diarrhea or constipation. A person loses body weight, loses weight.

Bleeding gums appear, the enamel on the teeth becomes thinner, making them sensitive to hot food, cold drinks, sour fruits, and sweets.

Hair and nails become brittle, nail plates turn yellow, and hair falls out.

Muscles often cramp. Bruises appear on the body. Vision deteriorates. Joint and bone pain appears. Sexual desire decreases.

The general well-being of a person worsens:

• fatigue and weakness appear;
• annoying drowsiness, irritability;
• apathy and depression sets in;
• dizziness and headaches appear;
• sleep is disturbed.

Mood swings accompany a lack of any vitamin. The manifestations of vitamin deficiency vary. Only a doctor can determine what exactly the body lacks.

Prevention of vitamin deficiency

To protect yourself from seasonal vitamin deficiency, a balanced diet is recommended. Avoid overly strict diets and fasting, as only a rational approach to diet planning will help protect against vitamin deficiency in the body. Eat as many fruits, berries and vegetables as possible, do not forget about vegetable oils and foods of animal origin.

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In winter and spring, when vitamins are scarce, it is recommended to sprout wheat, oats, green buckwheat, and lentils at home: green sprouts help replenish the lack of vitamins and prevent vitamin deficiency.

Correct selection of vitamins for vitamin deficiency

If you take multivitamin complexes for therapeutic purposes, they will not accumulate in the body. You should not be afraid of synthetic vitamins, since, unlike natural vitamins, they cannot cause allergies or other adverse reactions.

Today, multivitamins are chemically pure compounds that combine harmoniously with each other, and there is nothing wrong with them, which cannot be said about animal and herbal preparations. Therefore, if you have vitamin deficiency, take multivitamin complexes and do not be afraid that your body will be harmed.

Nowadays you can find a wide selection of all kinds of vitamins on the market. To make them convenient to take, they are produced in different forms: lollipops, tablets, powder, dragees, solutions.

However, experts say that the most convenient form is the capsule form. Thus, this form of release contributes to a lower probability of their joint neutralization. Moving through the intestines, the capsule loses its layers over time, in turn, the vitamins are absorbed inside in turn.

The most optimal time to take vitamins is the morning, since at this time the body is just waking up and adjusting.

Most vitamins are absorbed only with food. You should not drink them with milk, coffee, or carbonated drinks, as absorption will not be correct. If vitamins are in the form of capsules, then they should be taken completely, without chewing.

The purpose of vitamins is to ensure proper metabolism in the body and the process of cell renewal. The least difficulties arise with replenishment with ascorbic acid (vitamin C): its daily requirement is 100 mg for an adult. Vitamin C is found in sufficient quantities in many fruits and vegetables. For example, you can make an infusion from pine needles all year round.

The fruits of gardens and vegetable gardens contain entire complexes of vitamins, however, during their long-term storage, the vitamins in them become less, and heat treatment sometimes completely destroys them. It is for this reason that fruits and vegetables are best eaten raw. The least gentle heat treatment method would be steaming or cooking in a microwave oven. Fish and meat are best cooked in the same way.

Clinical researches

A clinical study conducted jointly with the Union of Pediatricians of Russia proves the high efficiency, safety and tolerability of products for daily skin care of children with mild and moderate forms of atopic dermatitis and during remission, accompanied by a decrease in the quality of life of patients. As a result of therapy, the following effects of the La-Cri cleansing gel were noted:

• Gentle skin cleansing;
• Relieving redness and itching;
• Skin restoration;
• Skin nutrition.

Consumer Reviews

Lacrimosa7002 (otzovik.com)

“Literally for a couple of months I didn’t know about this La-Cri cream for dry skin. It all started when the pads on my sister’s fingers began to burst and peel a little, and the skin was peeled off in a thin film. There was no burning or itching. We immediately went to the dermatologist, my sister was in a panic: save me, help me)) The doctor was a sweet old man, like from a Soviet movie, he said: honey, we’ll help, we’ll save your hand with a kiss:)) Everything turned out to be tritely simple - vitamin deficiency. I can only wonder where it comes from, there are always fresh fruits and vegetables at home, no one in the family takes tablet vitamins.

The doctor ordered me to buy La Cree Cream for dry skin at the pharmacy and assured me that everything would be fine in a couple of days. That's how it happened))

And I really liked the cream. Dad especially liked him. He has never worn and does not wear gloves in his life, you will laugh, but he says: I can’t breathe)) Coming home after long parties with Jessica, dad began to smear his hands with this cream. The skin literally immediately becomes soft, redness and roughness are removed. Well, now about the miracle cream. Sold only in pharmacies. It does not contain fragrances or dyes, but at the same time it has a very pleasant aroma, which is present due to oils and other natural ingredients. Eliminates. Saves. Protects.

The cream can be used for children from birth, which means that the conclusion is that it is hypoallergenic. The tube is in a cardboard box, on which everything is described in great detail, accessible, understandable and in simple language, without veiled phrases.

As for the method of application, it’s still more individual, depending on what problem you have. My sister didn’t smear her entire hands, but only her fingertips, she smeared it for three days, about 4-5 times, but very little by little, and indeed after three days the skin was as good as new. To prevent and moisturize/nourish the skin, she smeared it for another five days, but only at night before bed.

Dad also rubs his hands when he has to. In severe frosts it happened twice a day, but now I don’t use it until the thaw. I also tried the cream several times after cleaning, it’s very cool.

...The box is simply a treasure trove of information.

The active components in the composition are described in percentages; it is rare to see such a detailed description. And after the composition, the components themselves, their qualities and effects on the skin are described. Excellent presentation of information, hats off to the manufacturer.

The only one. But a fairly significant disadvantage is the cost of this cream. The volume is 50 ml, and the price is 240 rubles. The date of manufacture is on the weld seam, the shelf life is 2 years. The tube is made of soft plastic, designed identically to the box. This is already the second tube, the first one ran out in a couple of weeks, and was actively used by the whole family. The information is partially duplicated (as much as there is enough space). The font is small, but easy to read.

The box contains large instructions with detailed descriptions of use for various problems.

I won’t even try to add a photo, since everything is mercilessly deleted and cut out, and if you look at others, half the review is just photos of instructions, like, the sword of Damocles didn’t get there. A regular screw-on lid, the hole is closed with a foil membrane.

The hole is small, convenient, if you consider that the cream is thick, then everything is fine. The texture is dense and oily. The aroma is very interesting, I smell the smell of mown grass and wildflowers, although there is no trace of them there, and I am also very glad that the cream does not have a characteristic pharmacy smell. This cream can be applied to any area of ​​the skin, including the face. Despite the consistency and texture, consumption will be economical. When the cream gets on the skin, it seems to melt a little and smear perfectly, while all its fatness is felt, but at first glance it seems terrible, I’m all covered in oil :))

With such oil content, the cream is definitely not suitable for those with oily skin, but this only applies to the face, you will look like an oily pancake))

After using this cream, the skin is transformed before your eyes, it is soft, perfectly moisturized and receives sufficient nutrition.

The only downside I can mention is the cost, it’s still a bit expensive.

Everything else suits me 100%:

• can be used at any age and for any part of the body (including the face)
• good composition
• excellent properties of the cream
• quick solution to problems (in the specific case of vitamin deficiency)
• nice smell
• economical consumption.

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I give it a definite 5 points and I would advise you to pay attention to this La-Cri cream if you have problems that are listed in the indications for the use of this cream.

Health and good mood to everyone!”

Leli4na (irecommend.ru)

"8 in 1! A composition that includes all the creams that I used separately! Use experience: a week or more. A miracle remedy for all irritations, redness and dermatoses (not in the acute phase. The color is interesting, the smell is specific, the feeling is a fairy tale!

B is for children, and, accordingly, for adults. Excellent composition (see photo), the result is obvious! (And on the body, too)! Perfectly moisturizes the skin, it becomes soft and velvety; The cream is perfectly absorbed without leaving behind a sticky, greasy layer. True, because of the smell, I personally only apply it at night. Before that I used panthenol, then I switched to a more budget-friendly version - dexpanthenol, and then I dabbled in calendula cream.

Conclusion: a little bit of everything, but priorities must be set. La-Cree is in the forefront!

1. B.A. Shamov, I.G. Safiullina, A.B. Beshimova, T.B. Shamov, Differential diagnosis of atopic dermatitis, journal of Practical Medicine, 2011 https://cyberleninka.ru/article/v/differentsialnaya-diagnostika-atopicheskogo-dermatita
2. Fokina R.A., Atopic dermatitis: stages of development of classification forms, Siberian Medical Journal, 2007 https://cyberleninka.ru/article/v/atopicheskiy-dermatit-etapy-razvitiya-klassifikatsionnyh-form
3. A.N. Pampura, A.A. Chuslyaeva, Modern approaches to the treatment of atopic dermatitis in children https://cyberleninka.ru/article/v/sovremennye-podhody-k-terapii-atopicheskogo-dermatita-u-detey

What to do, how to treat vitamin deficiency

Drug treatment includes oral administration of pharmaceutical vitamin preparations, intramuscular injections, and physiotherapeutic procedures. The main treatment measure is nutritional correction.

The diet should be based on simple foods that do not require complex culinary processing. Bread made from coarse flour, various fruits and vegetables are required in the diet. Meat dishes are important.

Among medications, doctors usually prescribe Rosvit, Alvitil, and Merz tablets. They have a metabolic effect, regulate redox processes, prompting the body to synthesize the necessary vitamins on its own.

Complivit, Vitrum Junior, and Ginton tablets are popular. Their pharmacological action is based on the action of the active components.

The dosage of these drugs requires careful selection according to the daily need for specific vitamins.

Decamevit tablets are specially designed to prevent early aging. For women there is a special tablet drug Elevit Pronatal. Its complex composition includes 12 vitamins, 4 important minerals, 3 microelements.

For specific vitamin and mineral deficiencies in adults of different sexes, doctors prescribe tablets Centrum, Fenyuls, Selmevit, which have a unique composition and complex of constituent elements.

Pharmacology offers doctors a variety of complex drugs to choose from that help a person get rid of vitamin deficiency.