Mannik recipe without kefir. Mannik with kefir - 9 recipes for delicious and airy semolina pie


Reviews (5)

28

Prepared by: Ekaterina Fesenko

01/28/2017 Cooking time: 1 hour 10 minutes

SaveI cooked)EstimatePrint

Traditional and beloved pastries are desired in every home. That is why I strongly recommend taking note of this recipe for how to prepare classic manna. The perfect simple manna.

Useful tips

To diversify the taste of the pie, you can add lemon zest, cocoa, poppy seeds, raisins, and dried fruits cut into pieces to the dough. Condensed milk, sour cream, jam, berries ground in a blender, jam, and various cooking sauces are used as additives to the finished dessert.

The temperature for preparing mannikas (both pie and small pie-shaped products) should not be high, otherwise they will not bake evenly.

Manniki is a universal dessert that is loved by adults and children. It goes well with any supplements and is easily digested, without leaving a feeling of heaviness or overeating.

Rate this article:

1

What else to read:

What is manna and how to prepare it, the main principles


From the name it is clear that the main ingredient of this pie is semolina.
To prepare such a dessert at home does not require a lot of effort and great expense. Semolina, sugar and fermented milk products combine to create a simple but harmonious-tasting dessert. Now you don’t need to force your little ones to eat monotonous food, because they will come for more manna on their own. It is made quite simply: the cereal is soaked in liquid ingredients, and after swelling, sugar and other products are added. After baking, it can be eaten either hot or cold.

Since such problems as “the dough does not rise” or “the cake is burnt” do not arise with manna, even a novice housewife or a man who decides to please his beloved with his own prepared dessert can prepare it.

Cereals: introduce semolina correctly!

Manna has a crumbly and granular structure. This is what distinguishes it from biscuits and other pies. In theory, it should not turn out rubbery, but often this is not the case.

The problem may be hidden in the semolina. It is necessary to strictly adhere to the amount specified in the recipe.

The same applies to all ingredients. Pastries love precision. It's good if you have scales at home. If in the recipe the products are indicated in glasses, then we take the same volume for semolina, sugar, kefir or milk. You won’t be able to weigh out the cereal with this mug, but you won’t be able to weigh out the liquid with that bowl.

How to properly introduce semolina:

  1. Semolina is mixed only with warm liquid or at room temperature. Usually milk, kefir, sour cream or a mixture is used, it all depends on the recipe. If the base is cold, then warm it up a little first.
  2. The cereal needs to swell; the time directly depends on the temperature of the liquid. If the kefir is warm, then 20-25 minutes is enough. If the liquids are cold, then leave for at least 45 minutes, and preferably for a whole hour.
  3. The semolina needs to be stirred occasionally so that it swells evenly.
  4. Be sure to cover the bowl with cereal. Small particles on the top and sides of the bowl should not dry out, otherwise they will crunch in the pie.

Another important point is adding flour. It appears in many recipes. As with semolina, it is important to strictly monitor the quantity. Sometimes you need less flour. If the eggs are small in size, kefir or sour cream is thick in consistency, then leave a few spoons. If juicy berries or fruits are added to the dough, then add them. Or simply sprinkle the pieces with starch and then add them to the dough. In general, you don’t need to make a steep mass for manna, otherwise you will end up with a hard and heavy cake. We make a flowing, but not liquid dough.

Advice! If there is not enough time for the semolina to swell, then you can beat the cereal with the base a little with a blender.

Useful tips

  1. When preparing semolina pies, it is important that the cereal is swollen. Only then will the cake be fluffy and crumbly.
  2. Also, the friability of the manna is due to the fat content of the products used.
  3. It is better to use a non-stick or cast iron frying pan. The manna will not burn in them, and it can be easily removed.
  4. Bake only on very low heat. Otherwise, the bottom will burn, and the middle and top will be raw.
  5. The cake is easy to remove when completely cool.
  6. To make the top of the pie look more appetizing, you can cover it with icing or jam.
  7. Semolina pie can be baked with the addition of a variety of berries and fruits. Nuts and candied fruits are also added to it.

Bon appetit!

Basic cooking principles

To prepare this dessert you will need products that, as a rule, are always on hand. In addition, if desired, you can adjust the proposed composition of products based on personal taste preferences. Despite this, the dessert always turns out tender and tasty.

To bake fluffy and crumbly manna with milk, you should follow the general rules:

  • Bake the cake in an oven preheated to 180 degrees. Cooking time varies from 40 to 90 minutes. To prevent manna from losing its porosity and fluffiness, it is not recommended to open the oven during baking.
  • To prepare lush semolina with milk, it is important to pay special attention to semolina. As a rule, it is filled with water or milk and left for several hours to swell. It is worth noting that the longer the semolina is in the liquid, the more tender the pie will be.
  • When preparing dessert in a multicooker, it is not recommended to open the lid during cooking. How to cook lush manna with milk in a slow cooker is described in detail in the following video.

  • Milk of any fat content is suitable for manna, since it will not affect the quality of the dessert in any way. But those who are watching their figure should give preference to a lower-calorie product.
  • When preparing the pie, you should use milk at room temperature, since a cold product can negatively affect the quality of the manna.

Recipe for fried manna with cottage cheese

Mannikas can be prepared with different fillings, for example, with cottage cheese and raisins. The consistency of cooled semolina porridge holds its shape well and the products do not spread when fried.

Products:

  • 12 tbsp. l. cereals;
  • 200 g of flour (the type is not important, it is only needed for coating semolina products);
  • 1 liter of milk;
  • 50 g raisins (pre-wash and soak for half an hour in hot water, then let dry);
  • 3 eggs;
  • 3 tbsp. l. Sahara;
  • 400 g cottage cheese 9%;
  • 50 ml plant. oils (for frying manna);
  • 1 pack vanilla sugar;
  • 3 g salt.

It takes 1 hour to prepare.

Calorie content per 100 g: 251 kcal.

The cottage cheese is mixed with regular and vanilla sugar. Beat in the yolk of one egg and mix well. Then you need to add dried raisins and mix with cottage cheese so that they are evenly distributed throughout the entire mass.

Cook semolina porridge from milk and cereal with salt and 1 teaspoon of sugar, let it cool and mix well. In a separate bowl, beat the remaining eggs and the white from the third egg.

Then you need to take a little semolina, roll it into a small pie, roll it in flour and form a small cake on your palm. Place the curd filling in the middle and close the pie so that the porridge tightly envelops the filling.

The resulting product is dipped in eggs and placed on a plate. When the mannas from the entire prepared mass are ready, turn on the stove over medium heat and place a frying pan with oil on it.

The mannas are fried on each side until a light brown crust forms. To remove excess oil, the finished products can be placed on a plate covered with a paper towel.

Mannik recipe is airy. An original recipe for incredibly fluffy “wet” manna

And this recipe will most likely not leave anyone indifferent. And it’s possible that you haven’t even heard of this. This is a recipe for “wet” manna. Ask why “wet”? Yes, because there is a secret in the recipe.

We will need:

  • kefir – 1 glass
  • cream – 1 glass
  • semolina – 1 glass
  • flour – 1 cup
  • sugar – 1 glass
  • egg – 2 pcs
  • butter – 50 g
  • vanilla sugar – 0.5 – 1 sachet
  • baking powder for dough – 1 teaspoon
  • salt – 0.5 teaspoon

For decoration we will need 3 - 4 tablespoons of powdered sugar.

Preparation:

1. Sift flour into a bowl. Add salt and baking powder to it. Both can also be sifted if desired. Add the prepared cereal here and mix. That is, in one bowl we mixed all the bulk ingredients.

2. Pour kefir here. It is better to take it out of the refrigerator in advance so that it is not very cold. Room temperature will be ideal for it. Set the resulting mixture aside and proceed to the next stage of preparation.

Mix the mass. It will turn out thick and viscous, with a rather uneven structure. But for now we’ll leave it as it is.

3. Break the eggs into a separate bowl. It is also better to take them out of the refrigerator in advance.

Add regular and vanilla sugar to them. Instead of vanilla sugar, you can simply add a pinch of vanillin. In this case, the finished pie will be less sweet.

Although, if you have a sweet tooth, then you can add a whole bag. The baked goods will be sweeter and have a stronger aroma.

4. To prevent sugar from scattering all over the table, first mix the mass with a spoon or spatula, and then connect the mixer or whisk to work. We need a homogeneous sweet egg mixture that has turned white from beating and all the sugar crystals have dissolved in it.

5. Add it to the mixture, which has been set aside for a while.

Mix both masses with a mixer until you obtain a homogeneous, smooth and fairly fluffy mixture without lumps.

6. Add melted butter and mix again. This time until it is completely beaten into the mixture, there should be no oily circles left.

Reserve about a teaspoon of oil to grease the pan.

7. The resulting test must be given time to brew. It will be enough for him to stand for 15 - 20 minutes. During this time, the cereal will swell, and the same will happen with the flour. The dough will become more homogeneous and flexible and bake better.

8. Grease the mold with the reserved butter and pour the dough into it.

9. Place the pan in an oven preheated to 180 degrees and bake until done. Depending on the properties of the oven, this will take approximately 40 minutes. It took me exactly that long.

After this time, take out the cake and check it with a toothpick to see if it is ready. If you pierce it in the center and the toothpick remains dry, then it’s time to finally take it out.

10. But we still have cream left, and we haven’t forgotten about it. Their turn has come. They need to be poured directly on top of the golden brown crust of the pie. But as we see, the liquid is not retained. It is immediately absorbed and soon not a single drop remains on the surface.

11. After this “alchemical” procedure, let the cake stand and rest for 10 minutes right in the mold. Then we turn it over onto a wooden board.

Remove the pan and turn it over onto a large flat plate and let it cool a little more.

As you can see in the photo, the cake turned out very fluffy and beautiful. I already want to try it as soon as possible.

12. But I also wanted to decorate it so that I could serve it for evening tea in all its glory. And as a decoration I prepared powdered sugar. So I just sprinkle it on a slightly cooled surface and go put the kettle on. It's time to brew some tea and invite your family for an evening tea party.

This is how our dessert turned out in cross section. As you can see, it is very tall, airy and curvy. We always dream of getting all these qualities in any baked goods. And this recipe did not let us down.

Let's try! The taste of the dessert is delicate, slightly velvety and creamy. And inside the dough itself is slightly moist, that is, juicy. The cream gave him such an amazing effect. It would seem such a simple manipulation, but what an interesting flavor combination it turned out to be.

I really wanted to decorate it, so I sprinkled it with powdered sugar. And for me it turned out a little sweeter than I would like. I don't really like sweets. Therefore, if you have a sweet tooth, you can sprinkle it. And if not, then come up with another decoration, or don’t decorate at all.

Semolina pie with kefir in a frying pan

To prepare this manna without an oven you need very little time and ingredients. The result is a delicious dessert that has been loved by many since childhood.

Products:

  • 2 eggs;
  • 120 g sugar;
  • 250 g raw semolina;
  • 2 tbsp. kefir 3.2%;
  • 30 g plums. butter (it needs to be prepared in advance so that it is not cold, then it will be easier to melt);
  • 1 pack baking powder;
  • 3 g salt.

You can prepare manna in 1.5 hours.

Calorie content per 100 g: 227 kcal.

Semolina is poured into kefir and set aside for half an hour or an hour. Beat salt, sugar, baking powder with eggs until sugar is completely dissolved. The resulting mixture is whipped until foamy.

The egg mass is mixed with semolina and kefir. The butter is melted in the microwave or over steam and poured into the frying pan. The stove is turned on to the lowest temperature, a frying pan is placed on it, into which the dough is poured.

Cover with a lid and leave for about half an hour, beginning to check the condition of the pie towards the end. If the top becomes jelly-like, you can turn off the stove, close the lid again and wait another 10 minutes.

It is better to remove the manna from the pan when it has cooled down a little. This must be done carefully, using a spatula, so as not to destroy the product.

Soda and other raising agents: how and how much

The manna will not rise, it will turn out mushy and hard if you cook it without raising agents. The most commonly used is soda. It is laid strictly in the specified quantity. It is important not to use too much, otherwise the cake will have an unpleasant taste.

How to add soda correctly:

  1. Measure the powder in the required quantity and be sure to knead it so that no lumps remain. The product is often compressed in a pack, this must be taken into account.
  2. If the manna is made with kefir, then there is no need to extinguish the soda separately; lactic acid is enough.
  3. Soda is not added along with semolina. She doesn't need to insist. Add baking soda at the very end when mixing the main ingredients with flour or just before baking.
  4. If manna is prepared with milk or a lean recipe with compote, then the powder must be quenched. Vinegar, lemon juice, and acid are used. Soda is also added at the very end of the batch before baking.

If baking powder is used instead of soda in the manna dough, it is also introduced at the end. Usually mixed with flour. If it is not provided for in the recipe, then the ripper can be poured into the wet mass, but only mix thoroughly for uniform distribution.

By the way, if you need to replace baking powder with soda, then reduce the amount by at least two, and preferably two and a half times. If the manna recipe contains soda, and at home you only have baking powder, then you will have to increase the amount in approximately the same proportion.

Recipe for manna with pumpkin


Mannik with pumpkin is deservedly called amber sunny pie. Its bright color is mesmerizing and you want to immediately take a bite. For such a miracle you will need:

  • 0.75 tbsp semolina;
  • 1 tbsp pumpkin, pre-grated or ground in a meat grinder;
  • 0.5 tbsp kefir;
  • 0.5 tbsp baking powder;
  • 100–150 g granulated sugar;
  • For impregnation: 100 g of juice (apple, grape) + 5 tbsp granulated sugar + juice of 1/4 lemon.
  1. Pour kefir over the cereal, add sugar and pumpkin.
  2. The pumpkin pulp should be squeezed out so that excess moisture is not present.
  3. Add baking powder and mix everything.
  4. Bake the orange miracle in the oven at 180 degrees for 40 minutes.
  5. Mix all the syrup ingredients and boil them.
  6. Place the finished cooled pie in a bowl with high sides and pour syrup on top.

At first it may seem like there is a lot of syrup, but this is not so. After half an hour, all the liquid will be absorbed into the manna, and it can be served.

Eggs: beat, fill or omit?

There are recipes for manna with or without eggs. It is precisely in the second option that tender and soft pies come out, but not all housewives succeed in making them. The eggs hold the mass together, but also make the crumb tougher. Therefore, the first rule is not to add more eggs than indicated in the recipe. The exception is small eggs. In this case, you can add one more thing.

Secrets of adding eggs to manna:

  • Eggs need to be beaten separately; it is difficult to distribute yolks and white clots in cereals.
  • It is advisable to beat the eggs until well foamed. You can do this with granulated sugar so that it dissolves at the same time.
  • It is advisable to stir the beaten eggs with the remaining ingredients with a spatula or spoon, but not with a mixer. He will besiege the masses.

If there are no eggs in the recipe, the cooking process is simplified. All products can be mixed at once, including sugar and fats, and left at room temperature.

How to cook manna with kefir in the oven, step by step recipe


Let's try to cook a delicious manna together, and step-by-step photos will help you do it. Prepare the ingredients:

  • kefir – 1 tbsp;
  • semolina - 1 tbsp;
  • three eggs;
  • granulated sugar – 0.5 tbsp;
  • 0.5 tsp soda;
  • 1 packet of vanillin;
  • butter to lubricate the mold;
  • filling to taste (raisins, any berries).

Let's prepare it like this:

  1. Pour kefir over the cereal, stir and leave to swell. This process usually lasts at least one hour.
  2. Add eggs, granulated sugar to the swollen semolina, add vanillin, after beating the eggs until stable peaks appear.
  3. Add baking soda and then extinguish it with vinegar. If you want, add raisins or berries.
  4. Place the finished mixture in a baking dish generously coated with butter. Cook at 180–190 degrees in the oven for 40 minutes. Check if it's ready with a wooden stick.

The pie can be served either cooled with tea or warm with jam as a main course for breakfast.

Features of baking manna

Mannik does not bake and burns quickly? If there are no problems with other baked goods, the oven works great, then it’s a matter of temperature conditions. You need to lower the parameters. On average, manna is cooked at 170 degrees. The process is not fast in terms of time. Since the cake is moist, it can sit in the oven for up to 40-60 minutes. If a crust appears on the manna, but it is not baked inside, urgently reduce the temperature to 150 degrees and bring it to readiness.

You can bake manna in a slow cooker. Many models do this very well. For some housewives this is the way out. You don’t need to watch the pie, it won’t burn, you don’t need to take it out urgently. You can put the dough in the slow cooker in the evening to enjoy a wonderful breakfast in the morning. But there is one nuance - the manna turns out white on top and is not covered with a crust. Therefore, you need to place it on a dish upside down. An option is to decorate the pie with chocolate, jam, any cream or glaze.

Useful links:

Manna in a frying pan recipe with photo

In the section on the question Mannik in a frying pan asked by the author Pol'tya Myl'tya, the best answer is Mannik on the stove”... Today we will not cook in the oven, not in the microwave, and not in an air fryer with a multicooker

We will cook on the stove, and which one - gas, electric or solar - it doesn’t matter, the principle is important... “For the dough: 1) a glass of kefir, 2) a glass of semolina, 3) sugar (if you need sweet manna , then half a glass, and if unsweetened, then one or two tablespoons), 4) two tablespoons of odorless vegetable oil, 5) an egg, 6) half a teaspoon of salt, 7) two-thirds of a teaspoon of soda. Cream: 300-350 g sour cream half a glass of sugar 2-3 bananas - for layering the cakes”... Let's start by pouring kefir into our glass of semolina and leaving for at least half an hour

There will be nothing wrong if it sits a little longer. Now add sugar, egg, salt and soda there (in order). You can stir after each ingredient, but we will do it at the very end, after the soda. We take our whipping tool (mixer, blender, fork) and beat until a light foam appears. Add oil

At the same time, grease the frying pan with oil and lightly sprinkle the bottom with flour (so that nothing sticks). Pour our mixture into the frying pan, cover with a lid, put on the stove and wait for the top of the future manna to look like jelly. Attention!! !We turn on the stove to a very low (!!!) heat - such that you have to wait at least half an hour. This time can be spent usefully - prepare sour cream, you just need to mix sugar and sour cream and beat thoroughly. As soon as the “jelly” appears, turn off the stove, but do not remove the frying pan, but leave it under the lid for about five minutes. Then remove it and put it on something cold. We wait another five minutes, take a wider spatula, very carefully bend the edges of our semolina and place it on a board. Take a narrow, sharp knife and cut it in half - but not across, but lengthwise. Now place the bottom of the semolina with the part that is more baked on a flat plate or a special cake dish

Generously pour our cream over this part. It’s okay if the cream drips a little - then it will be easier with the edges. Cut the banana into slices, lay them out on the cake layer poured with cream - so that it is even and there are no large voids. Cover the bananas with cream. Place the second cake layer on the bananas with the crumbly side. And again we don’t spare the cream, and again we lay out the banana slices, only here you can show your imagination and arrange them somehow beautifully: in the form of flowers, for example, and make a frame around the edge. Or you can simply lay out the entire surface as before. In general, on top of the bananas... well, you guessed it, cream again. Cover the sides of our semolina-banana cake with the remaining cream. If there is space left on the plate around it, you can arrange apple slices, orange slices, or decorate it in some other way. That’s all, actually...”

Mannik is very tasty airy. Classic manna with milk

Despite the variety of existing varieties of such a simple delicacy, the classics always remain a priority. Therefore, below we will consider in detail this method of baking classic manna.

Ingredients:

  • Semolina - 1.5 cups
  • Milk - 1 glass
  • Sugar - 1 glass
  • Egg - 3 pieces
  • Butter - 50 g
  • Baking powder - 1 sachet
  • Salt - 1 pinch.

Preparation:

Pour the required amount of cereal into a bowl. Pour warm milk over it, stir and leave to swell for a while.

It’s okay if you poured a little more liquid than necessary, since the semolina will absorb the part that is required, and the rest can be carefully drained. At the same time, if you don’t have milk, you can replace it with plain water.

Break the eggs into another container, add sugar and put soft butter.

If you forgot to take the butter out of the refrigerator, you can grate it and let it sit for a while. This way it can warm up faster

Combine everything thoroughly into a homogeneous mass using a whisk or mixer.

At this point, the semolina has noticeably increased in volume. If there is no excess milk, then pour in the sweet egg-butter mixture and add baking powder. Mix everything well again

Pour the resulting dough, of uniform consistency, into a special baking dish.

If you are using a silicone mold, there is no need to grease it with oil (fat). And if there is a metal baking sheet, it is better to cover the bottom with parchment or carefully coat the base with the edges.

It is good to preheat the oven to 180 degrees. Only then put the form with the dough into it. Bake for approximately 50-60 minutes.

You can check the readiness of the dessert using a wooden stick. If it is dry and without small crumbs, then the biscuit is completely ready. If grains are present, then the pan must be returned to the oven for a few minutes.

When the cake has cooled well, you can remove it from the pan and cut it into small portions.

The finished treat can be coated with any syrup or cream on top. Or serve it with condensed milk.

This manna is very tasty without any additional ingredients. Serve with freshly brewed aromatic tea. Enjoy your tea!

Mannik with apples in a frying pan

Compound

  • semolina – 250 g;
  • kefir (fat content from 2%) – 1 cup;
  • granulated sugar – 1/2 cup;
  • egg – 1 pc. (average);
  • sunflower or corn oil - two tbsp. l.;
  • a pinch of salt;
  • soda – 2/3 tsp;
  • ground cinnamon - to your taste;
  • apples – 2 pcs. (average);
  • lemon juice.

Preparation

  1. Pour kefir over the cereal for a quarter of an hour.
  2. Meanwhile, peel the apples, remove the cores and cut into small slices. Sprinkle with lemon juice.
  3. Add egg, granulated sugar, salt, cinnamon and soda to the swollen semolina. Mix thoroughly, pour in oil and add apples. Mix again and place the dough into a greased frying pan.
  4. Bake, covered tightly, over very low heat for at least 30 minutes. Check readiness with a toothpick or match – if it’s dry, you can remove it from the stove.

How to cook manna without eggs recipe for fasting

Mannik can be an excellent treat during the fasting period. We are happy to share an original and delicious recipe. We prepare:

  • semolina – 1 tbsp;
  • water – 1 tbsp;
  • granulated sugar - 1 tbsp;
  • wheat flour – 0.5 tbsp;
  • 80–100 ml vegetable oil;
  • 1 tsp soda;
  • According to taste preferences, you can add cherries, dried fruits or apples.
  1. Mix semolina and sugar, add water.
  2. When the mass swells, pour in sunflower oil and mix everything.
  3. Add baking soda and sift flour into it, stir until smooth.
  4. Place raisins, cherries or apples in the kneaded dough, pour it into the mold and cook at 180 degrees for about 45 minutes.

This recipe is also suitable for a slow cooker; the pie is kept in the bowl on the “Baking” mode for an hour. You can find many more interesting recipes in the article:.

Mannik without flour

We suggest considering a recipe for lush manna with milk without adding flour. This option is one of the simplest; every housewife can handle it. Ingredients:

  • One glass of milk.
  • One glass of semolina.
  • Half a glass of sugar.
  • Butter – 10 g.
  • Three eggs.
  • A pinch of baking powder.
  • The cooking process is as follows:

    1. Mix all dry products together: sugar, semolina, baking powder.
    2. In a separate bowl, beat the eggs and add the resulting mass to the milk.
    3. With constant stirring, add semolina mixed with sugar and baking powder.
    4. Beat the resulting mass with a whisk until smooth and leave for an hour.
    5. Line a baking dish with parchment paper and grease with a thin layer of sunflower oil.
    6. Pour the resulting dough into the mold. Bake for at least 40 minutes.

    Manna with apples step by step recipe


    To please your loved ones with a delicious dessert with apples, you need to prepare:

    • semolina - 1 tbsp;
    • kefir of any fat content – ​​1 tbsp;
    • two eggs;
    • wheat flour - 1 tbsp;
    • granulated sugar - 1 tbsp;
    • butter – 80–100 g;
    • 1 tsp soda;
    • vanilla;
    • 2–3 apples;
    • raisin.

    The ingredients are ready, let's start cooking:

    1. Pour kefir over the cereal and mix everything. Leave for an hour so that the cereal can swell. Separately, beat eggs and granulated sugar with a mixer.
    2. Melt the butter, this can be done on the stove or in the microwave. Add it and the beaten eggs to the swollen semolina. Add flour.
    3. Knead the dough. It should have the consistency of pancakes. By the way, you will find recipes for delicious pancakes in the article: “. Now let's prepare the apples. Sweet and sour are best. Cut them into pieces and add them to the dough together with raisins.
    4. Grease the mold with oil and place the prepared mixture into it. Bake the pie for 45 minutes until done at 180 degrees.

    This manna is in no way inferior to the classic charlotte.

    Rating
    ( 2 ratings, average 4.5 out of 5 )
    Did you like the article? Share with friends:
    Для любых предложений по сайту: [email protected]